Photovoltaic Solar Energy

Since the beginning of its commercialization, electrical energy has been supplied to residential and commercial consumers through centralized generation and complex transmission and distribution systems. With no moving parts, minimal maintenance, without producing noise or any type of pollution and using the sun's practically inexhaustible energy, photovoltaic (PV) systems have provided electrical energy for any application and in any location on earth and in space. These can have two different configurations: isolated or autonomous and connected to the electrical grid.

The first is characterized by the need for a bank of chemical accumulators (batteries), where the energy generated by the solar modules is stored and distributed to consumption points. Autonomous photovoltaic systems are also used in any application where independence from the electrical grid is desired, whether in a rural environment (electric fences, water pumping, remote sensing, lighting, etc.) or urban (gate activation, lighting, systems alarm, etc.).

Systems connected to the electrical grid, on the other hand, do not require the use of accumulators, as they act as power generating plants in parallel to large power plants. These can be integrated into the building, overlapping or replacing cladding elements and, therefore, close to the point of consumption; or of the FV central type, which is typically far from the point of consumption. Building-integrated systems inject any excess energy generated into the public electrical grid and, on the other hand, use the electrical grid as a back-up when the amount of energy generated is not sufficient to serve the consumer installation.