ANÁLISE DE EFICIÊNCIA ENERGÉTICA NO PROJETO DO HOSPITAL UNIMED ALTO VALE EM RIO DO SUL ATRAVÉS DO REGULAMENTO BRASILEIRO DE ETIQUETAGEM

Esse presente trabalho tem como objetivo classificar a eficiência energética de uma edificação hospitalar. Foi aplicado o Novo Método de avaliação da eficiência energética com base em energia primária de edificações comerciais em um Hospital da Unimed localizado na cidade de Rio do Sul, Santa Catarina. Foram avaliados quatro sistemas: envoltória da edificação, sistema de iluminação, sistema de ar condicionado e o sistema de aquecimento de água.

Innovations in the Brazilian regulations for energy efficiency of residential buildings

Autores:
Michele Fossati; Rogério de Souza Versage; Marcio José Sorgato; Roberto Lamberts; Claudia Morishita
Resumo:

The implementation of energy regulations is the strategy most often used by governments to improve the energy efficiency of buildings. Based on Brazilian government incentives initiated in 2001 with Law 10.295, which regulates the National Policy for Conservation and Rational Use of Energy, Brazil has begun to develop methodologies for evaluating the energy efficiency of buildings. In February 2009 the Brazilian Energy Labeling Schemes for Commercial, Public and Services Buildings (RTQ-C) was published followed by the Brazilian Energy Labeling Schemes for Residential Buildings (RTQ-R) in November 2010. This article presents the methodology adopted by RTQ-R, the primary focus of which is the evaluation of naturally ventilated buildings, bioclimatic strategies for encouraging natural ventilation and daylighting, and evaluation of the water heating system. It also presents a review of House Energy Rating Schemes and shows the difference between the Brazilian Scheme and those applied by other countries. These differences are discussed and assessed herein.

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Assessment of technical and economical viability for large-scale conversion of single family residential buildings into zero energy buildings in Brazil: Climatic and cultural considerations

Autores:
Miguel Pacheco; Roberto Lamberts
Evento:
Energy Policy
Resumo:

This paper addresses the viability of converting single-family residential buildings in Brazil into zero energy buildings (ZEBs). The European Union and the United States aim ZEBs implementation to address ‘peak oil’ and environmental concerns. However, literature shows no agreement on a consensual definition of ZEB. Seeking a Brazilian ZEB definition, this paper addresses PassivHaus and thermal comfort standards for hot climates, source metrics for ZEB, Brazil′s energy mix, residential energy end uses and Brazilian legal framework for residential photovoltaic (PV) generation. Internal Rate of Return for PV systems in two Brazilian cities is calculated under various scenarios. It shows grid parity was reached from April 2012 to November 2012 assuming residential electric tariffs of that period and the financial conditions given by the Brazilian government for the construction of new dams in the Amazon and the lowest rates offered by Brazilian banks to private individuals. Governmental decision to lower electric residential tariffs in November 2012 reduced the scope of grid parity. Later revocation of a tax exemption in April 2013 ended grid parity in Brazil. It concludes, conversely to developed countries, it is the volatile Brazilian energy policy, instead of economical barriers, the main obstacle for ZEB viability in Brazil.

 

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Developing energy consumption benchmarks for buildings: Bank branches in Brazil

Autores:
Edward H. Borgstein; Roberto Lamberts
Evento:
Energy and buildings
Resumo:

The energy consumption of buildings is an area of increasing importance, and developing economies like Brazil must start to consider the energy performance of existing buildings. The publication of national energy benchmarks is a fundamental step for understanding energy consumption in commercial buildings and developing energy efficiency programmes. A voluntary data gathering initiative by the Brazilian Sustainable Construction Council (CBCS) is producing the data necessary to develop national benchmarks. A methodology for benchmark development is proposed, using both statistical data and energy audit data to benchmark end-use energy consumption, with the use of wet-bulb cooling degree hours for climate correction. Benchmarks and climate corrections are developed for the energy consumption of bank branches in Brazil. A simple linear regression analysis of data from 1890 bank branches in 57 different climates provides the energy consumption benchmark, while thermal simulation of building performance is used to validate the results and provide an end-use breakdown in the different climates studied. This work provides the foundation for further work to develop and publish national benchmarks in other typologies.

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A procedure for analysing energy savings in multiple small solar water heaters installed in low-income housing in Brazil

Autores:
Thalita Giglio; Roberto Lamberts; Miriam Barbosa; Mariana Urbano
Evento:
Energy Policy
Resumo:

Due to government subsidies, Brazil has witnessed an increase in the installation and use of small solar water heating systems in low-income housing projects. Although the initiative has reduced the load curve during peak times due to the reduced use of electric showerheads, measurement and verification (M&V) are needed to validate the savings. M&V procedures should take into account the social and economic variability of low-income housing developments. To improve M&V in low-income housing projects, this paper presents a methodology for identifying homogeneous subgroups based on their energy-saving potential. This research strategy involved a cluster analysis designed to improve the understanding of what energy savers and other influencing factors exist. A case study in Londrina Brazil was undertaken with 200 low-income families. Five clusters, created based on savings potential, were defined. The results showed that only two clusters demonstrated good electricity savings, representing 47% of families. However, two clusters, or 37%, did not provide satisfactory savings, and the other 16% did not provide any consumption history due to previous use of illegal city electricity connection practices. Therefore, studies confirm the need for a detailed measurement of the representative subgroups to assess the influence of human behaviour on potential SWHS-induced savings.

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Characterisation of representative building typologies for social housing projects in Brazil and its energy performance

Autores:
Maria Andrea Triana; Roberto Lamberts; Paola Sassi
Evento:
Energy Policy
Resumo:

In Brazil the housing deficit is around 5.5 million houses. To address this need, the government created a programme called “My house, My life”. The main subsidies of the programme are for families earning up to three times the minimum wage. In order to formulate strategies for more energy efficiency buildings, it is necessary to understand the thermal and energy performance of what is being built. This article defines representative projects for typologies being built in the Brazilian social housing sector through the analysis of 108 projects considering two groups of income levels and investigates the thermal and energy performance of the representative projects in relation to the Regulation for Energy Efficiency Labelling of Residential Buildings in Brazil for two bioclimatic zones. Five representative building models were defined. Considering the most common features found on the sample, the study suggests the importance of addresing energy efficiency measures on the sector since current building techniques for social housing shows a tendency towards a low performance in relation to the thermal and energy performance criteria of the Energy Labelling especially for lower income projects. This provides a basis for future policy and allows for more in depth studies within the sector.

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Savings related to solar water heating system: A case study of low-income families in Brazil

Autores:
Thalita Giglio; Roberto Lamberts
Evento:
Energy and buildings
Resumo:

The inclusion of solar water heaters available through subsidies of the Brazilian government has benefited more than 300,000 low-income families. Although these subsidies are important for wide implementation of this technology, the actual system performance is unclear. Moreover, it is unclear whether the performance is affected by user behavior in the context of complex socioeconomic issues. The objective of this research is to assess the influence of human behavior on the potential savings induced by solar water heaters. The research strategy integrated qualitative and quantitative measurements. We applied the cluster analysis technique to identify five homogeneous subgroups for a case study in Londrina, Brazil, in which a detailed measurement procedure was implemented to gather data on these subgroups over one year. The measurements were conducted to gain a better understanding of the factors affecting electricity consumed by showering. This study shows that the benefits of solar heaters vary according to the user and use of the technology. The annual energy savings averaged 9.51–18.6 kWh per person. A lack of technological understanding and the difficulty in effectively mixing hot and cold water were the main factors contributing to the inefficient use of the system.

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Building energy efficiency: An overview of the Brazilian residential labeling scheme

Autores:
Michele Fossati; Veridiana Atanasio Scalco; Vinícius Cesar Cadena Linczuk; Roberto Lamberts
Evento:
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
Resumo:

One of the alternatives to reduce building energy consumption recognized and used internationally is establishing standards for the evaluation and classification of buildings in terms of energy performance. In developed countries, the introduction of energy efficiency codes for residential and non-residential buildings started around the time of the first oil crisis in the mid-70s. Ten years later, Brazil has started implemented measures aimed at the conservation and rational use of energy. Initiatives in this regard began with the implementation of the Brazilian Labeling Program, where consumers are provided with information on the energy efficiency of appliances. However, the first energy efficiency law stimulated the most notable improvement in energy efficiency in 2001 after national energy crisis. As a result, the Regulation for Energy Efficiency Labeling of Commercial, Service and Public Buildings (RTQ-C) was released in February 2009 and the Regulation for Energy Efficiency Labeling of Residential Buildings (RTQ-R) was released in November 2010. Nowadays, the labeling of residential, commercial and service buildings is voluntary and the labeling of federal public buildings is mandatory since 2014. This paper presents a review of the building energy efficiency codes and labeling schemes all over the world, an overview of the Brazilian regulations on energy efficiency and discusses the labeling scheme for residential buildings adopted in Brazil. The process of its implementation, strengths and weaknesses in the present labeling scheme and the similarities and differences in relation to international experiences are described. The results obtained to date indicate that a revision is required in order to achieve a more flexible and economically viable process that will enable the program to be established as compulsory.

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Evaluating energy performance in non-domestic buildings: A review

Autores:
E. H. Borgstein; R. Lamberts; J. L.M. Hensen
Evento:
Energy and buildings
Resumo:

Evaluation methods can be used to determine what constitutes good energy performance in a building. With an increasing focus on energy use of buildings worldwide, this evaluation assumes a fundamental importance. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the available methods for analysing, classifying, benchmarking, rating and evaluating energy performance in non-domestic buildings.

Methodologies are grouped in five categories: engineering calculations, simulation, statistical methods, machine learning and other methods. Techniques for evaluating buildings are described, their principal applications are shown and limitations are identified. The use of performance evaluation in energy efficiency programmes and standards is mapped.

There is a need to further develop interactions between the main modelling techniques to produce simple, robust and validated models. Also, evaluation techniques must be developed to consider comfort or service provision in the buildings as a factor in energy performance.

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Should we consider climate change for Brazilian social housing? Assessment of energy efficiency adaptation measures

Autores:
Maria Andrea Triana; Roberto Lamberts; Paola Sassi
Evento:
Energy and buildings
Resumo:

Social housing sector is very important in Brazil, due to the necessity of expansion and investments being placed through a substantial government program. Residential buildings are expected to last at least 50 years according to Brazilian standards. Many residential projects in the sector already perform medium or poorly in terms of energy efficiency and thermal comfort today, and their designs are not analysed considering climate change. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to investigate the result of analysing the thermal and energy performance of social housing projects considering climate change, and to assess the impact on the operational phase of introducing energy efficiency measures in the sector, and exploring methods of adaptation to climate change. A representative project of the lower income sector housing was used as case study with the evaluation of measures through thermal and energy simulation with current and future weather files for the cities of São Paulo and Salvador. Results were compared using predicted energy consumption and cooling and heating degree-hours as indicators. The results highlighted some differences related to the climate scenarios and indicator analysed, and showed that the incorporation of energy efficiency measures in current social housing projects is of fundamental importance to minimize the effects of climate change in the coming decades.
 

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